Magnesium supplementation is indicated in sports and occupational medicine to compensate for the increased loss. ³

• Depending on the intensity of physical exercise, the physical condition, the fitness level, the climatic conditions and the body surface area, the loss by sweating may range from several hundred millilitres to more than two litres an hour. ¹
• The mean magnesium concentration is about 36mg/l of sweat, but can vary depending on the physical activity. ^2,3
• Cells lose magnesium during physical activity. The consumption of ATP results in the release of mg, which is then transported out of the cell (Mg redistribution).

1. Palmer, M.S. & Spriet, L.L. (2008). Sweat rate, salt loss, and fluid intake during an intense on-ice practice in elite Canadian male junior hockey players. Applied physiology, nutrition and metabolism, 33 (2), 263-271
2. Nationale Verzehrstudie II. Max-Rubner-Institut. D-A-CH 2008
3. Nielsen & Lukaski. Update on the relationship between magnesium and exercise.
   Magnesium Research 2006; 19 (3): 180-9

One in ten persons of the general population suffers from hypomagnesaemia. ¹

Hypomagnesaemia often accompanies other electrolyte disorders

1. P. Pham et al. Hypomagnesemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007 (2):366-73
2. Nationale Verzehrstudie II. Max-Rubner-Institut. D-A-CH 2008
3. Hall et al. Hypomagnesemia in Patients with Eating Disorders; Vol 29 Nr 3 Summer 1988
4. Elisaf 1998 Hypomagnesemia in Alcoholic Patients. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. Vol 22, No1, 1998: 134 (and up to 43% Hristova 1997)
5. Mauskopf, J. Varughese. Why all migraine patients should be treated with magnesium. J Neural Transm 2012 119: 575-579
6. Sheehan, White. Diuretic-associated hypomagnesaemia. British Medical Journal 1982; Vol 285: 1157-1159
7. Whang et al. Predictors of clinical hypomagnesemia. Hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hyponatremia, and hypocalcemia. Arch Intern Med. 1984 Sep;144(9):1794-6.

Reduced intake

• Low-caloric diet
• Unbalanced diet
• “Nutrient-depleted” food

Impaired absorption (malabsorption)

• Genetic defects
• Gastrointestinal diseases
• Medication (PPI)

Increased excretion

• Genetic defects
• Diseases (diabetes)
• Abuse of alcohol, laxatives
• Medication (diuretics, cyclosporine, cisplatin)

Loss of vitamins and minerals; example: refined wheat flour in % of whole-grain flour ¹

The intensive exploitation of soils, the use of low-magnesium fertilizers, and the diet in industrialized countries resulted in a reduction of magnesium supply. ²

1. G. Eby. Rapid recovery from major depression using magnesium treatment. Med Hypotheses. 2006;67(2):362-70. Epub 2006 Mar 20
2. Vormann et al. Dietary Magnesium Supply, Requirements and Recommendations – Results from Duplicate and Balance Studies in Man. Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 5 (1), 549-53